Lithium{0}}Ion roj teeb Cells: Cov ntsiab lus, Kev faib tawm, Cov Cai Ua Haujlwm, thiab Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob thiab Photovoltaics

Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txais yuav sai sai ntawm lub zog tshiab, kev tsim hluav taws xob photovoltaic, tsheb hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob portable, lithium roj teeb tau dhau los ua qhov nruab nrab siv dav tshaj plaws rau electrochemical zog cia. Thaum lub sij hawm yog feem ntau siv colloquially raws li ib tug catch-tag nrho rau ntau yam lithium-raws li cov khoom, los ntawm ib tug technical standpoint, "lithium roj teeb" encompass ob hom sib txawv -lithium roj teeb thawj thiab lithium- roj teeb ion- uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv. Lithium- roj teeb ion, txawv los ntawm lawv lub peev xwm los rov qab them rov qab- lub voj voog tawm thiab lawv lub zog siab ceev, tau tshwm sim los ua qhov kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev lag luam.

 

Hauv kev txiav txim siab nruj, "Flash Battery" roj teeb lithium xa mus rau thawj cov roj teeb lithium-tsis yog-rechargeable, ib zaug - siv cov hlwb. Lawv cov qauv feem ntau yog siv lithium hlau los yog lithium alloys rau cov electrodes, ua ke nrog cov tshuaj tsis yog -aqueous electrolyte. Pa roj teeb lithium thawj zaug siv manganese dioxide li cathode thiab ntshiab lithium hlau raws li anode, uas ua rau muaj tshuaj lom neeg reactivity. Leveraging lub zog siab yam ntxwv ntawm thawj lithium chemistry, cov roj teeb no tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb uas xav tau kev xa hluav taws xob zoo hauv ib qho - siv cov xwm txheej; Txawm li cas los xij, vim lawv cov khoom siv, lawv tsis tuaj yeem rov qab siv dua.

 

 

Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog heev ntawm cov hlau lithium yog qhov tseem ceeb uas txwv tsis pub siv cov roj teeb lithium ib txwm siv. Pure metallic lithium imposes cov kev cai nruj heev txog kev tsim khoom, chaw cia khoom, thiab chaw ua haujlwm; nws reacts tau yooj yim nrog huab cua thiab noo noo, ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb kev nyab xeeb uas tau ntev hindered loj -scale industrialization ntawm pov tseg lithium roj teeb. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, rechargeable lithium- ion roj teeb hlwb muaj peev xwm kov yeej cov technical bottlenecks, ua kom recyclability thiab ushering nyob rau hauv lub tshiab era ntawm lithium-raws li lub zog.

 

Cov roj teeb lithium rechargeable tam sim no nyob rau hauv dav siv sawv cev rau kev lag luam tus qauv hloov zuj zus. Lawv ua haujlwm los ntawm intercalation thiab de-intercalation (kev tsiv teb tsaws) ntawm lithium ions ntawm cathode thiab anode thaum lub sij hawm them nqi thiab tawm mus; txij li cov xim hlau ntshiab lithium tsis koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ruaj ntseg tau txhim kho tau zoo. Cov roj teeb rechargeable no ua rau muaj ntau yam kev siv, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv rau cov tsheb tshiab.

 

Ntau xyoo dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis tau coj mus rau kev txhim kho ntau yam khoom siv cathode rau cov lithium{0}} ion roj teeb kom haum rau kev ua haujlwm sib txawv; Qhov tseem ceeb, lithium hlau phosphate (LFP) tau tshwm sim los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam lub zog cia. Cov khoom siv cathode muaj xws li lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, thiab lithium hlau phosphate; kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom txiav txim siab lub roj teeb kev nyab xeeb, lub neej voj voog, thiab lub zog ceev. Ua tsaug rau lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb zoo tshaj plaws thiab lub neej ntev ntev, LFP hlwb tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev cia lub zog thiab lub zog siv zog.

 

Lithium-ion roj teeb yog categorized los ntawm lawv lub xeev electrolyte ua kua-electrolyte thiab polymer-electrolyte hom. Kua-electrolyte roj teeb siv cov kua electrolyte; lawv muaj cov cuab yeej paub tab thiab cov nqi tswj tau, ua rau lawv xaiv qhov tseem ceeb rau cov roj teeb tsheb tshiab. Polymer-electrolyte roj teeb siv lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws los yog gel-state khoom polymer electrolyte, muab cov txheej txheem nyias, sib dua thiab txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg. LFP hlwb ua ke nrog lithium hlau phosphate chemistry nrog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lag luam, ntsuas kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi kom haum rau ntau yam siab - siv fais fab.

 

Kev lag luam hauv xyoo 1992, lithium- roj teeb ion- nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li lub zog siab ceev, tsis muaj kev nco, thiab tus kheej qis- tus nqi tso tawm- tau hloov pauv cov tshuaj txhuas txhuas- cov roj teeb kua qaub thiab thaum ntxov - cov roj teeb lithium. Piv nrog rau cov roj teeb ib txwm muaj, nws txhawb nqa rov qab them dua - lub voj voog tawm thiab muab lub neej ua haujlwm ntev, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum tau ua kom ntev - lub sijhawm, ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Kev lag luam roj teeb lub zog khaws cia tau ua tiav qhov loj - nplai, kev xa tawm niaj hnub ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab.